Identifier	Name	Type	Description	In	Out	Syn.	Xref
CONSO00001	microtubule-binding region	domain	The motif in the MAPT protein where microtubule binding repeats	4	1	1	1
CONSO00002	tubulin-binding repeat 1	domain	position 569_591 of canonical isoform of MAPT protein	0	1	2	1
CONSO00003	tubulin-binding repeat 2	domain	position 592_621 of canonical isoform of MAPT protein	1	1	2	1
CONSO00004	tubulin-binding repeat 3	domain	position 623_653 of canonical isoform of MAPT protein	1	1	2	1
CONSO00005	tubulin-binding repeat 4	domain	position 654_685 of canonical isoform of MAPT protein	0	1	2	1
CONSO00006	Tau aggregates	cellular component	Tau (MAPT) in its aggregated form (as Paired Helical Filaments (PHFs) or Straight Filaments (SF)) contains 5–9 moles of phosphate/ mole of the protein, defining it as hyper phosphorylated	1	1	0	0
CONSO00007	hyperphosphorylation	post-translational modification	An excessive phosphorylation (see GO:0006468)	0	0	0	0
CONSO00008	GAL80TS	exposure	temperature-sensitive allele of GAL80 (tub-GAL80TS)	0	0	0	0
CONSO00009	Tau oligomers	cellular component	CAST is known to prevent oligomerization of Tau (Rao et al., 2014) and α-synuclein (Diepenbroek et al. 2014) and inhibit reactive gliosis (Rao et al., 2008)	0	0	0	0
CONSO00010	LY293002	chemical	a typo appearing in pubmed:23950935 for the specific PI3-kinase inhibitor that is actually named LY294002	0	1	148	6
CONSO00011	LPLI	exposure	Low-power laser irradiation (LPLI) is a non-damage physical therapy	0	0	1	0
CONSO00012	Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion	pathology	Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is one of the causes of vascular dementia (VaD) and is also an etiological factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD)	0	0	1	0
CONSO00013	Mori Fructus ethanol extract	chemical mixture	ethanol extracted from Mori Fructus, a well-known traditional herbal medicine, food, and dietary supplement	0	0	1	0
CONSO00014	tunneling nanotubes	cellular component	filamentous-actin-containing membranous structures that bridge and connect cells	0	0	2	0
CONSO00015	amyloidogenesis	biological process	production of amyloid	0	0	0	0
CONSO00016	alpha-synuclein aggregates	cellular component	alpha-synuclein (SNCA) aggregate in fibrillar or oligomeric forms, usually found in Lewy bodies	0	1	0	0
CONSO00017	huntingtin aggregates	cellular component	huntingtin (HTT) protein fragments aggregations	0	1	0	0
CONSO00018	amyloid-beta aggregates	cellular component	aggregation of amyloid-beta fragments of the APP protein	0	1	0	0
CONSO00019	SEN-1269	chemical	A tau aggregation inhibitor	0	1	21	4
CONSO00020	MLS000034832	chemical	A tau aggregation inhibitor	0	1	27	4
CONSO00021	caprospinol	chemical	A tau aggregation inhibitor	0	1	18	4
CONSO00022	amyloid-beta oligomers	cellular component	Small aggregates of amyloid-beta	0	0	0	0
CONSO00023	amyloid-beta 42 oligomers	cellular component	Amyloid-beta oligomers composed specifically of amyloid-beta 42	0	0	0	0
CONSO00024	APP C-terminally truncated carboxyl-terminal fragments	protein fragment	C-terminally truncated carboxyl-terminal fragments (CTFs) of APP	0	0	0	0
CONSO00025	A2B5 antigen	epitope	A2B5 antigen is a cell surface ganglioside epitope expressed on developing thymic epithelial cells, oligodendrocyte progenitors, and neuroendocrine cells.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00026	neutral sphingomyelinase	enzyme class	Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4.12, also known as neutral sphingomyelinase, sphingomyelinase, or SMase) is a hydrolase enzyme that is involved in sphingolipid metabolism reactions.	0	0	0	1
CONSO00027	Neurodegeneration	pathology	Neurodegeneration is the progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, including death of neurons. Many neurodegenerative diseases – including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Huntington's disease – occur as a result of neurodegenerative processes.	0	0	0	1
CONSO00028	amyloid-beta derived diffusible ligands	cellular component	soluble oligomeric forms of the amyloid beta peptide known as amyloid-derived diffusible ligands (ADDLs) are the toxic species responsible for neurodegeneration associated with Alzheimer's disease.	0	0	1	0
CONSO00029	Hyperamylinemia	pathology	increased secretion of the pancreatic hormone amylin	0	0	0	0
CONSO00030	APOE e4	genetic variant	APOE e4 is a variant of APOE, it's APOE-ε4 (arg112, arg158).	0	0	0	0
CONSO00031	N-AcGIP	chemical	N-AcGIP is a rat hormone that is an agonist of GIP	0	1	0	0
CONSO00032	Pro3-GIP	chemical	Pro3-GIP is a rat hormone that is an agonist of GIP	0	1	2	3
CONSO00033	PI3K-Akt signaling pathway	pathway	PI3K-Akt signaling pathway is an intracellular signaling pathway important in regulating the cell cycle.It is described in KEGG.	0	0	0	1
CONSO00035	Argyrophilic Grain Disease	pathology	Argyrophilic grain disease (AGD) is an under-recognized, distinct, highly frequent sporadic tauopathy, with a prevalence reaching 31.3% in centenarians.	0	0	1	0
CONSO00036	granulovacuolar degeneration	pathology	Granulovacuolar degeneration (GVD) is one of the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and it is defined as electron-dense granules within double membrane-bound cytoplasmic vacuoles.	0	0	1	1
CONSO00037	mitochondrial dysfunction	pathology	mitochondria function disorder	0	0	0	0
CONSO00038	amyloid-beta fibrils	cellular component	Insoluble fibrous protein aggregates exhibiting beta sheet structure.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00039	AG73	protein fragment	a peptide derived from mouse laminin alpha 1 protein (seq:RKRLQVQLSIRT, chain:2719–2730)	0	0	0	1
CONSO00040	Notch intracellular domain	domain	Notch intracellular domain is the intracellular region of notch receptor.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00041	YENPTY endocytosis motif (APP)	motif	YENTY is the endocytosis motif of Amyloid precursor protein.	0	0	1	0
CONSO00042	sAPP-beta	protein	Soluble amyloid precursor protein	0	0	1	0
CONSO00043	growth factor	?	A growth factor is a naturally occurring substance capable of stimulating cellular growth, proliferation, healing, and cellular differentiation. Usually it is a protein or a steroid hormone. Growth factors are important for regulating a variety of cellular processes.	0	0	0	2
CONSO00044	3R tau	protein isoform family	Tau isoforms containing 3 tubulin binding repeats	2	1	0	0
CONSO00045	4R tau	protein isoform family	Tau isoforms containing 4 tubulin binding repeats	3	1	0	0
CONSO00046	VQIINK motif	motif	A hexapeptide motif located in the R2, that promotes the formation of PHF	0	1	1	0
CONSO00047	VQIVYK motif	motif	A hexapeptide motif located in the R3, that promotes the formation of PHF	0	1	1	0
CONSO00048	ghost tangles	cellular component	Extracellular NFT remains after neuron death, considered to be the last stage of NFT-related pathological activity.	0	1	0	0
CONSO00049	pretangles	cellular component	Pretangles are cytoplasmic tau immunoreactivity in neurons without apparent formation of fibrillary structures. In Alzheimer disease, such tau deposition is considered to represent a premature state prior to fibril formation (AD-pretangles), later to form neurofibrillary tangles and finally ghost tangles.	0	1	0	0
CONSO00050	projection domain	domain	Corresponding roughly to the N-terminal part of the tau molecule, consisting mainly of acidic residues and containing two distinct alternatively spliced N-terminal inserts.	1	0	1	1
CONSO00051	RAC1b	isoform	A constitutively active splicing isoform of RAC1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1), first identified in breast and colon cancer.	0	1	0	1
CONSO00052	AP-2 complex	protein complex	A heterotetrameric adapter protein complex involved in cargo-internalization during clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Composed of alpha and beta subunits (large adaptins), mu and sigma subunits (minor adaptins).	0	0	0	1
CONSO00053	Tau isoform F (441 aa)	isoform	Longest tau isoform in human brain, most commonly used as the conventional tau.	0	2	3	2
CONSO00054	Tau isoform Fetal-tau (352 aa)	isoform	Human fetal tau isoform.	0	1	3	2
CONSO00055	Tau isoform B (381 aa)	isoform	Human brain tau isoform, derived from alternative splicing.	0	2	3	2
CONSO00056	Tau isoform D (383 aa)	isoform	Human brain tau isoform, derived from alternative splicing.	0	2	3	2
CONSO00057	Tau isoform C (410 aa)	isoform	Human brain tau isoform, derived from alternative splicing.	0	2	3	2
CONSO00058	Tau isoform E (412 aa)	isoform	Human brain tau isoform, derived from alternative splicing.	0	2	3	2
CONSO00059	Serpin-enzyme complex receptor	protein	?	0	0	1	0
CONSO00060	neuroinflammation	pathology	inflammatory response in the brain and nervous tissue.	0	0	0	1
CONSO00061	neurotoxicity	pathology	happens when a biological, physical or chemical agent cause any adverse effect on the structure and function of the nerves system.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00062	neurite retraction	pathology	when the neurite is unable it outgrow and extend	0	0	0	0
CONSO00063	APP695	isoform	the APP gene is located on chromosome 21 in humans with three major isoforms arising from alternative splicing [3]. These are APP695, APP751 and APP770 (containing 695, 751, and 770 amino acids, respectively)	0	1	0	1
CONSO00064	APP751	isoform	the APP gene is located on chromosome 21 in humans with three major isoforms arising from alternative splicing [3]. These are APP695, APP751 and APP770 (containing 695, 751, and 770 amino acids, respectively)	0	1	0	1
CONSO00065	APP770	isoform	the APP gene is located on chromosome 21 in humans with three major isoforms arising from alternative splicing [3]. These are APP695, APP751 and APP770 (containing 695, 751, and 770 amino acids, respectively)	0	1	0	1
CONSO00066	gamma-secretase	protein complex	gamma-secretase is a high molecular weight complex minimally composed of four components: presenilins (PS), nicastrin, anterior pharynx defective 1 (APH-1), and presenilin enhancer 2 (PEN-2)	0	0	0	1
CONSO00067	sAPP-alpha	protein	soluble amyloid precursor protein-alpha	0	0	0	0
CONSO00068	Excitotoxicity	pathology	Excitotoxicity is defined as cell death resulting from the toxic actions of excitatory amino acids	0	0	0	0
CONSO00069	C31	protein fragment	a fragment containing the last 31 amino acids of APP (called C31)	0	0	0	0
CONSO00070	Jcasp	protein fragment	Additional gamma-cleavage further generates the fragment (called Jcasp) containing the region between gamma- and caspase-cleavage sites	0	0	0	0
CONSO00071	AICD	domain	APP intracellular domain	0	0	0	0
CONSO00072	p83	protein fragment	APP alphaCTF and betaCTF are further cleaved by gamma-secretase to generate p83 and Abeta, respectively	0	0	0	0
CONSO00073	APP processing	biological process	Any protein maturation process achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein (see:GO:0016485)	0	0	0	0
CONSO00074	AβOs	cellular component	soluble Aβ oligomers	0	0	0	0
CONSO00075	LMW amyloid oligomers	cellular component	The formation of AβOs starts from alterations in the conformation of monomeric Aβ, resulting in low molecular weight (LMW) dimers and trimers, followed by aggregation to soluble spherical oligomers consisted of 12–24 monomers.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00076	amyloid-beta 40 oligomers	cellular component	Amyloid-beta oligomers composed specifically of amyloid-beta 40	0	0	0	0
CONSO00077	alternative splicing of APP gene	biological process	The process of generating multiple mRNA molecules from a given set of exons by differential use of exons from the primary transcript(s) to form multiple mature mRNAs that vary in their exon composition (see:GO:0000380)	0	0	0	0
CONSO00078	E1 domain	domain	The ectodomains of APP and APLPs have two conserved regions called E1 and E2 (Fig. 1A), both of which have been proposed to contribute to dimerization	0	0	0	0
CONSO00079	E2 domain	domain	The ectodomains of APP and APLPs have two conserved regions called E1 and E2 (Fig. 1A), both of which have been proposed to contribute to dimerization	0	0	0	0
CONSO00080	P3 peptide	protein fragment	Cleavage by α-secretase yields the nonamyloidogenic soluble 3-kDa peptide (p3) that does not form amyloid fibrils, whereas cleavage by β-secretase yields the amyloidogenic form Aβ1–40 or the longer, more fibrillogenic Aβ1–42	0	0	0	0
CONSO00081	C99	protein fragment	a membrane associated C-terminal fragment consisting of 99 amino acids (C99)	0	0	0	0
CONSO00082	aMCI	pathology	amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairement is a cognitive dysfunction that is associated with memory deficits	0	0	0	0
CONSO00083	mdMCI	pathology	multi-domain Mild Cognitive Impairement is a cognitive dysfunction that is associated with more than one cognitive domain	0	0	0	0
CONSO00084	Tau isoform A (316 aa)	isoform	Human brain tau isoform, derived from alternative splicing.	0	1	0	1
CONSO00085	Tau C3	epitope	Tau epitope cleaved at aspartic acid(421).	0	0	0	0
CONSO00086	Tau MN423	epitope	Tau epitope truncated at glutamic acid(391).	0	0	0	0
CONSO00087	granular tau oligomers	cellular component	When the oligomer lengthens, it adapts a beta-sheet structure and transforms into a detergent-insoluble aggregate with granular appearance under Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)	0	0	0	0
CONSO00088	Tau fibrils	cellular component	As these granular tau oligomers fuse together, they form tau fibrils, which ultimately form NFTs	0	0	0	0
CONSO00089	dense core plaques	cellular component	Dense-core plaques are fibrillar deposits of Abeta, showing all the classical properties of amyloid including beta-sheet secondary structure, while diffuse plaques are amorphous deposits	0	0	0	0
CONSO00090	Tau annular protofibrils	cellular component	A handful of proteins implicated in neurodegenerative diseases have been found to produce pore-like amyloid structures known as annular protofibrils (APFs)	0	0	0	0
CONSO00091	TOC1	antibody	monoclonal antibody, named TOC1 (tau oligomeric complex 1), which selectively labels tau dimers and oligomers, but does not label filaments	0	0	0	0
CONSO00092	alpha-synuclein fibrils	cellular component	fibrillar aggregates of alpha-synuclein, found in Lewy bodies	0	0	0	0
CONSO00093	alpha-synuclein oligomers	cellular component	oligomeric aggregates of alpha-synuclein	0	0	0	0
CONSO00094	CLR01	protein	the Lys-specific molecular tweezer CLR01 has been shown to inhibit aggregation and toxicity of multiple amyloidogenic protein	0	0	0	0
CONSO00095	prefibrillar α-synuclein oligomers	cellular component	prefibrillar oligomers formed at early stages of α-syn assembly	0	0	0	0
CONSO00096	GA-AGE	?	Glyceraldehyde-derived (GA) advanced glycation end products	0	0	0	0
CONSO00097	TGM2 Isoform 3 (349 aa)	isoform	Short isoform of tissue transglutaminase	0	1	0	1
CONSO00098	KXGS motif	motif	Conserved Tau phosphorylation motif. Part of the microtubule-binding region, phosphorylation of the serine in these motifs disrupts tau binding to the MT and serves to regulate tau-mediated MT assembly	0	0	0	0
CONSO00099	Corticobasal Degeneration	pathology	CBD is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease involving the cerebral cortex and the basal ganglia, characterized by widespread deposition of hyperphosphorylated 4-repeat tau in neurons and glia, the latter as astrocytic plaques	0	1	0	0
CONSO00100	paired helical filaments	cellular component	Component of NFT, consisting in a helical arrangement of tau protomers	0	1	0	0
CONSO00101	straight filaments	cellular component	Component of NFT and ultrastructural polymorph of PHFs, with an assymetrical arrangement of the tau protomers	0	1	0	0
CONSO00102	Alz50	antibody	Murine IgM-class monoclonal antibody recognizing a specific conformational epitope adopted by tau during PHF formation	0	0	0	0
CONSO00103	O-GlcNAcylation	post-translational modification	A non-canonical glycosylation involving the attachment of single O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) moieties to serine and threonine residues of cytoplasmic, nuclear, and mitochondrial proteins	0	0	0	0
CONSO00104	glycation	post-translational modification	The non-enzymatic reaction between the electrophilic carbonyl groups of a reducing sugar and the free amino groups of tau amino acids (especially of basic lysine or arginine residues) leading to the formation of a ketoamine (Amadori product), an intermediate of AGE synthesis.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00105	nitration	post-translational modification	Incorporation of a nitrogen dioxide (NO2) group in tyrosine residues (mostly) of proteins forming 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT). A biomarker of cell, tissue and systemic nitrosative stress.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00106	polyamination	post-translational modification	The reaction of polyamination by transglutaminases (TGs) involves a glutamine (Q) as acyl donor and a lysine (K) as acyl acceptor. It generates a (gamma)-glutamyl-(epsilon)-lysine isopeptide bond that causes protein cross-linking	0	0	0	0
CONSO00107	formylation	post-translational modification	The addition of a formyl functional group usually at the epsilon amino group of Lys residues	0	0	0	0
CONSO00108	Syndecan Family	protein family	IterPro:IPR001050	0	0	0	0
CONSO00109	Bacterial invasion	biological process	The process of bacteria invading a cell	0	0	0	0
CONSO00110	dopamine homeostasis	biological process	Dopmine secrete in a homeostatic way	0	0	0	0
CONSO00111	PINK1-Park pathway	pathway	The PINK1-Parkin pathway promotes both mitophagy and selective respiratory chain turnover in vivo.pubmed:23509287	0	0	0	0
CONSO00112	Glutamate excitotoxicity	biological process	The excitotoxicity of Glutamate	0	0	0	0
CONSO00113	mitochondrial homeostasis	biological process	The interplay between mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00114	ER mitochondria interorganellar crosstalk	biological process	reference:pubmed:22577383	0	0	0	0
CONSO00115	Mitochondrial pathway	pathway	reference:pubmed:22399422	0	0	0	0
CONSO00116	oxidative protein folding	biological process	Oxidative protein folding is a process that is responsible for the formation of disulfide bonds between cysteine residues in proteins. The driving force behind this process is a redox reaction, in which electrons pass between several proteins and finally to a terminal electron acceptor.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00117	mitochondrial motility	biological process	The motility of mitochondria	0	0	0	0
CONSO00118	TIM/TOM complex	protein complex	The TIM/TOM complex is a protein complex in cellular biochemistry which translocates proteins produced from nuclear DNA through the mitochondrial membrane for use in oxidative phosphorylation. Only 13 proteins necessary for a mitochondrion are actually coded in mitochondrial DNA.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00119	mitochondrial aggregation	biological process	The aggregation of mitochondria	0	0	0	0
CONSO00120	mevalonate pathway	pathway	The mevalonate pathway, also known as the isoprenoid pathway or HMG-CoA reductase pathway is an essential metabolic pathway present in eukaryotes, archaea, and some bacteria	0	0	0	0
CONSO00121	Dopaminergic cell groups	anatomy	UBERON:dopaminergic cell groups	0	0	0	0
CONSO00122	mitochondrial precursor protein	protein	The precursor protein of mitochondria	0	0	0	0
CONSO00123	PDR-1	protein	the nematode homolog of Parkin	0	0	0	0
CONSO00124	PINK-1	protein	the nematode homolog of PINK1	0	0	0	2
CONSO00125	skn-1	protein	the nematode homolog of Skn1	0	0	0	0
CONSO00126	ced-9	protein	the nematode homolog of Bcl-2	0	0	0	0
CONSO00127	lgg-1	protein	the nematode homolog of Lgg1	0	0	0	0
CONSO00128	clec-65	protein	the nematode homolog of Clec65	0	0	0	0
CONSO00129	clec-4	protein	the nematode homolog of Clec4	0	0	0	0
CONSO00131	exotoxin A	protein	exotoxin A is an exotoxin produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.It inhibits elongation factor-2. It does so by ADP-ribosylation of EF2. This then causes the elongation of polypeptides to cease.	0	1	0	0
CONSO00132	mitochondrial DAMPs	?	mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns	0	0	0	0
CONSO00133	IκB kinase	protein complex	The IκB kinase is an enzyme complex that is involved in propagating the cellular response to inflammation.	0	0	0	1
CONSO00134	non-shivering thermogenesis	biological process	Nonshivering thermogenesis was originally defined as a cold-induced increase in heat production not associated with the muscle activity of shivering. Recent research shows it to be a metabolic process located primarily in brown adipose tissue and controlled by the activity of the sympathetic nervous supply of this tissue	0	0	0	0
CONSO00135	hsp-16	protein	the nematode homologus of hsp16	0	0	0	0
CONSO00136	heat shock proteins	protein family	Heat shock proteins (HSP) are a family of proteins that are produced by cells in response to exposure to stressful conditions. They were first described in relation to heat shock,	0	0	0	1
CONSO00137	high-calorie diets	exposure	Diets with high calorie.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00138	proteotoxicity	pathology	To function, proteins must undergo a folding process that gives them the proper three dimensional structure. Numerous genetic and biochemical observations suggest that proteins that fail to fold properly impair cell function. This process, also referred to as proteotoxicity, is particularly important to the fate of non-renewable cells of long-lived organisms in which malfolded proteins (proteotoxins) can exert their deleterious influence over extended periods of time.reference:Proteotoxicity and Aging	0	0	0	0
CONSO00139	ss20399075	genetic variant	A SNP located within the 3' UTR of FGF20, is significantly associated with PD risk	0	0	0	0
CONSO00140	Alpha-synuclein Oligomerization	biological process	The formation of alpha-synuclein oligmer	0	0	0	0
CONSO00141	D6S253	?	A microsatellite markers for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases	0	0	0	0
CONSO00142	D6S305	?	A microsatellite markers for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases	0	0	0	0
CONSO00143	MTHFR,TT+AA	?	In Parkinson's Disease, TT+AA is more frequent in MTHFR gene.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00144	CAG repeats	motif	CAG repeats in genes.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00145	Gastrointestinal dysfunctions	pathology	The function of gastrotestine disorder.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00146	olfactory epithelium	anatomy	UBERON:olfactory epithelium	0	0	0	0
CONSO00147	nasal cycle	?	The nasal cycle is the often unnoticed alternating partial congestion and decongestion of the nasal cavities in humans and other animals. It is a physiological congestion of the nasal concha, also called the nasal turbinate, due to selective activation of one half of the autonomic nervous system by the hypothalamus.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00148	hyposmia	pathology	Hyposmia is a reduced ability to smell and to detect odors.Hyposmia might be a very early sign of Parkinson's disease. Hyposmia is also an early and almost universal finding in Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. Lifelong hyposmia could be caused by Kallmann syndrome.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00149	FMR1,(55-200 CGG)	genetic variant	A premutation (PM) expansion (55-200 CGG) in the fragile X mental retardation gene 1 causes elevated messenger RNA and reduced fragile X mental retardation gene 1 protein.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00150	pof14	?	a new member of the F-box family, Pof14, which forms a canonical	0	0	0	0
CONSO00151	Neuroglia	anatomy	MeSH Unique ID: D009457	0	0	0	1
CONSO00152	GDNF Family	chemical class	The GDNF family of ligands (GFL) consists of four neurotrophic factors: glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), neurturin (NRTN), artemin (ARTN), and persephin (PSPN). GFLs have been shown to play a role in a number of biological processes including cell survival, neurite outgrowth, cell differentiation and cell migration. In particular signalling by GDNF promotes the survival of dopaminergic neurons.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00153	Motor Neurons	anatomy	MeSH Unique ID: D009046	0	0	0	1
CONSO00154	noradrenergic neuron	anatomy	Cell:noradrenergic neuron	0	0	0	0
CONSO00155	midbrain dopaminergic neuron	anatomy	Cell:midbrain dopaminergic neuron	0	0	0	0
CONSO00156	Neurites	anatomy	A neurite or neuronal process refers to any projection from the cell body of a neuron.	0	0	0	1
CONSO00157	GRB10,BPS domain	domain	BPS domain of protein GRB10	0	0	0	0
CONSO00158	common fragile site	cellular component	A chromosomal fragile site is a specific heritable point on a chromosome that tends to form a gap or constriction and may tend to break when the cell is exposed to partial replication stress.Based on their frequency, fragile sites are classified as common or rare.To date, more than 120 fragile sites have been identified in the human genome.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00159	PARK7-alpha helices	domain	The alpha helices of PARK7 protein	0	0	0	0
CONSO00160	cleaved PINK1	protein fragment	The cleaved part of Protein PINK1	0	0	0	0
CONSO00161	neurovascular unit	anatomy	The brain hyperaemia, or coupling, is accomplished by a group of cells, closely related to each other; called neurovascular unit (NVU). The neurovascular unit is composed by neurones, astrocytes, endothelial cells of blood-brain barrier (BBB), myocytes, pericytes and extracellular matrix components	0	0	0	0
CONSO00162	Muscles	anatomy	MeSH Unique ID: D009132	0	0	0	1
CONSO00163	Neural Stem Cell	anatomy	MeSH Unique ID: D058953	0	0	0	1
CONSO00164	Ventral Tegmental Area	anatomy	MeSH Unique ID: D017557	0	0	0	1
CONSO00165	Pars Compacta	anatomy	MeSH Unique ID: D065842	0	0	0	1
CONSO00166	proline-rich domain	domain	Correspounding to residues I151 to Q244 of the 441 aa tau isoform, separated into P1 and P2. Possible role in tau's functional stabilization through the reported intramolecular interaction of P2 with R1, R2 and R4 from the microtubule-binding region	2	0	2	0
CONSO00167	lys-2	protein	the nematode homolog of Lys2	0	0	0	0
CONSO00168	abf-2	protein	the nematode homolog of Abf2	0	0	0	0
CONSO00169	hydrophobic pocket of actin	domain	The lower cleft between domains 1 and 3 is lined by residues Tyr143, Ala144, Gly146, Thr148, Gly168, Ile341, Ile345, Leu346, Leu349, Thr351, and Met355, which are predominantly hydrophobic. This cleft constitutes the major binding site for most ABPs and also mediates important longitudinal contacts between actin subunits in the filament	0	0	0	0
CONSO00170	310-helix	motif	The 310-helix is the fourth most common type of secondary structure in proteins after α-helices, β-sheets, and reverse turns (Barlow and Thornton 1988). Approximately 15%–20% of all helices in protein structures are 310-helices, which are commonly found as N- or C-terminal extensions to an α-helix (Barlow and Thornton 1988). 310-Helices in proteins are typically only three to five residues long compared with a mean of 10–12 residues for α-helices (Richardson and Richardson 1988)	0	0	0	0
CONSO00171	Amylin Antagonist AC253	peptide	Amino Acid Sequence: Ac-Leu-Gly-Arg-Leu-Ser-Gln-Glu-Leu-His-Arg-Leu-Gln-Thr-Tyr-Pro-Arg-Thr-Asn-Thr-Gly-Ser-Asn-Thr-Tyr-NH2	0	0	0	0
CONSO00172	CDK5R1 p25	protein	The cyclin dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 1 (CDK5R1), also known as p35, is cleaved by Calpain to produce the p25 fragment	0	0	0	1
CONSO00173	PTI-125	chemical (proprietary)	PTI-125 is a proprietary small molecule that preferentially binds altered FLNA and restores its native conformation, restoring receptor and synaptic activities and reducing its alpha7nAChR/TLR4 associations and downstream pathologies	0	0	0	0
CONSO00174	alpha-4 beta-2 nAChR	protein complex	In addition to nAChRs forming from different subunit assemblages, stoichiometric study has shown that α4β2 nAChRs can form as either (α4)3(β2)2 or (α4)2(β2)3, the latter having a greater affinity for both nicotine and Ach	0	0	0	0
CONSO00175	alpha-7 beta-2 nAChR	protein complex	Accumulating evidence demonstrates that these α7 and β2 nAChR subunits can co-assemble to form functional α7β2 nAChRs in heterologous expression systems, and also under natural conditions in the brain (Figure 1)	0	0	0	0
CONSO00176	beta-2-containing nAChR	protein complex	The β2 subunit can couple with non-α4 subunits, including α2, α3 and α6 subunits to form functionally distinct nAChRs, but these receptors are much less densely expressed in the central nervous system relative to α4β2* nAChRs (*indicating potential assemblage of β2 subunits with non-α4 subunits)	0	0	0	0
CONSO00177	Abeta*56	cellular component	56 kDa soluble amyloid-β (Aβ) assembly	0	0	0	0
CONSO00178	protein aggregates	cellular component	Aggregates of proteins or fragments of proteins	4	0	0	2
CONSO00179	sAPP-gamma	protein fragment	results from the cleavage of beta APP by gamma-secretase	0	0	0	0
CONSO00180	alpha-6-containing nAChR	protein complex	alpha6-containing receptors, which in brain occur as heteropentamers with beta2 and beta3 and are especially enriched in presynaptic nerve terminals in striatum (Champtiaux et al.,2002)	0	0	0	0
CONSO00181	phosphatase-activating domain	domain	Tau domain located in the N-terminal region encompassing residues 2-18. It activates phosphatase PP1 which dephosphorylates Ser9 in GSK3Beta and leads to its activation. In normal tau, both NTD and CTD are folded back in proximity to each other forming a 'paper-clip' conformation, which masks the PAD. Phosphorylation in the AT8 epitope, disrupts this normal conformational state, exposing the PAD by moving away the terminal domains.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00182	cystein-dependent auto-acetylation	biological process	Autocatalytic cysteine-mediated acetylation of Lys residues in the MTBR upon incubation of tau proteins with acetyl-CoA, possible even in absence of enzymatic activity.This activity may be suppressed when tau is bound to tubulin or MTs, but activated upon tau dissociation during pathological conditions that abrogate tau-MT interactions, thus allowing acetyl-CoA accessibility to free tau cysteines.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00183	GVD bodies	cellular component	Pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer Disease, consisting in intraneuronal accumulations of large membrane-bound vacuoles. Associated with the late stages of disease progression, they were also shown to be immunopositive or GSK3Beta and SYK (Spleen Tyrosine Kinase).	0	0	0	0
CONSO00184	advanced glycation end product	chemical class	Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are the production of Maillard reaction between carbohydrates and proteins. They cause neurotoxicity via production of ROS followed by an increase in expression of APP and amyloid beta. Recent analysis implicates them in tau phosphorylation.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00185	long-term potentiation	?	A long lasting enhancement in synaptic transmission between two neurons, most commonly studied in the synapse between the Schaffer collateral axons of the CA3 neurons and the CA1 pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus. Alongside the LTD (long-term depression) represent the two mechanisms of memory formation and storage. Impairment of this process in AD is caused by soluble oligmoeric amyloid beta.	0	0	0	1
CONSO00186	proline-rich region 1	domain	Part of the wider proline-rich domain, divided between the projection and assembly domains, this region together with the MTBR mediate tau interaction and binding to F actin.	0	2	0	0
CONSO00187	proline-rich region 2	domain	Part of the wider proline-rich domain, divided between the projection and assembly domains, this region together with the MTBR mediate tau interaction and binding to F actin.	0	2	0	0
CONSO00188	assembly domain	domain	Tau assembly domain consists of the second part of the proline-rich region (PR2), MTBR and CTD, corresponding to residues 199-441 of the canonical tau isoform.	2	0	0	0
CONSO00189	CRL4 complex	protein complex	Cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex 4, consisting of CUL4(A,B), DDB1 and CRBN.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00190	APP, ACR	domain	Cytosolic region of APP, responsible for interacting with E3 ubiquitin ligases among other proteins.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00191	tubulin detyrosination	post-translational modification	Detyrosination is a form of posttranslational modification that occurs on alpha-tubulin. It consists of the removal of the C-terminal tyrosine to expose a glutamate at the newly formed C-terminus. Promoted by Tau truncation in the Gln124 residue.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00192	Microgliosis	biological process	An intense reaction of microglia following CNS insult, characterized by active proliferation and retracted cellular processes. In AD, accumulation of Abeta can be a possible cause of such physiological phenomenon, as microglia is seen surrounding senile plaques. Abeta interaction with microglial pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) leads to NLRP3 inflammasome activation, production of toxic NOS and ROS and release of proinflammatory cytokines.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00193	Astrogliosis	biological process	Morphological and functional changes observed in astrocytes in the context of their physiological response to CNS trauma or injury caused by ischemia, stroke, autoimmune disorders and neurodegeneration.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00194	CK1 superfamily	protein family	The CK1 group of eukaryotic protein kinases are composed of seven CK1 isoforms (CK1α, CK1α2, CK1δ, CK1ε, CK1γ1, CK1γ2, and CK1γ3), two Tau–tubulin kinase isoforms (TTBK1 and TTBK2), and three VRK isoforms (VRK1, VRK2, and VRK3)	0	0	0	0
CONSO00195	alpha-4-containing nAChR	protein complex	nAChRs that bind radiolabeled nicotine with the highest affinity contain a4 subunits (a4*-nAChR)	0	0	0	0
CONSO00196	alpha-4 beta-4 nAChR	protein complex	a4 subunits can also assemble with b4 subunits to form a4b4-nAChRs that have comparably high nicotine affinity	0	0	0	0
CONSO00197	alpha-7-containing nAChR	protein complex	Another prominent nAChR subtype found in vertebrate central and autonomic nervous systems contains a7 subunits.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00198	alpha-Bungarotoxin	protein	Neurotoxic proteins from the venom of the banded or Formosan krait (Bungarus multicinctus, an elapid snake).	0	0	0	1
CONSO00199	alpha-3 beta-2 nAChR	protein complex	nAChRs containing the a3b2 subunit interface	0	0	0	0
CONSO00200	kappa-Bungarotoxin	protein	kappa-Bungarotoxin, a snake venom kappa-neurotoxin, is a potent neuronal nicotinic receptor antagonist (pubmed:3359187)	0	0	0	1
CONSO00201	VU10010	chemical	highly selective M4 (mAChR) allosteric potentiator. Chemical name: 3-Amino-N-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-4,6-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide	0	0	39	4
CONSO00202	VU0456940	chemical	M1-selective PAM that potentiates M1 (mAChR). Chemical name:1-[4,6-difluoro-1-[6-(1-methylpyrazol-4-yl)pyridin-3-yl]indol-3-yl]sulfonyl-3-(5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl)propan-2-one	0	0	3	3
CONSO00203	VU0152099	chemical	selective M4 (mAChR) allosteric potentiator. Chemical name: 3-Amino-N-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-4,6-dimethylthieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxamide	0	0	25	4
CONSO00204	VU0029767	chemical	selective M1(mAChR)-PAM. Chemical name: 2-(4-Ethoxyanilino)-N'-[(Z)-(2-oxonaphthalen-1-ylidene)methyl]acetohydrazide	0	0	10	3
CONSO00205	VU0090157	chemical	selective M1(mAChR)-PAM. Chemical name: Cyclopentyl 3,4-dimethyl-6-(6-nitro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate	0	0	21	3
CONSO00206	VU0184670	chemical	M1(mAChR) allosteric agonists. Chemical name: Ethyl 4-(2-benzamidoethylamino)piperidine-1-carboxylate hydrochloride	0	0	6	4
CONSO00207	2-Bromohexadecanoic acid	chemical	Inhibits Fyn localization in lipid rafts and subsequently inhibits the fyn-dependent Abeta redistribution and accumulation in lipid rafts, process linked with ADDL-induced cell death.	0	0	64	4
CONSO00208	20 S Proteasome	protein complex	The catalytic core of the 26 S proteasome system, responsible for tau degradation	0	0	0	0
CONSO00209	3-3 dityrosine cross-linking	?	An oxidation product consisting of covalent ortho-ortho coupling between two tyrosine residues formed as a conseguence to UV irradiation, gamma-irradiation, aging, exposure to oxygen free radicals, nitrogen dioxide, peroxynitrite, and lipid hydroperoxides. ROS catalyzed by Cu ions are involved in the generation of these cross-links in amyloid beta oligomers to which they provide stability. Also involved in the stabilization of tau PHF. A potential biomarker of oxidative stress in AD.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00210	Braak_Stage I	?	A disease propagation and progression model, composed of six stages of increasing pathological severity determined by the location of the tangle-bearing neurons and the amplitude of the pathophysiological changes. Transentorhinal stages I-II: correspond to clinically silent cases of very mildly affected subjects, showing no cognitive impairment. NFT are slowly and gradually developping.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00211	Braak_Stage II	?	A disease propagation and progression model, composed of six stages of increasing pathological severity determined by the location of the tangle-bearing neurons and the amplitude of the pathophysiological changes. Transentorhinal stages I-II: correspond to clinically silent cases of very mildly affected subjects, showing no cognitive impairment. NFT are slowly and gradually developping.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00212	Braak_Stage III	?	A disease propagation and progression model, composed of six stages of increasing pathological severity determined by the location of the tangle-bearing neurons and the amplitude of the pathophysiological changes.Limbic stages III-IV designate an incipient Alzheimer's disease, since due to the lack of neocortical destruction, stages III and IV do not meet the currently used criteria for neuropathologic diagnosis of AD. Stage III is characterised by the destruction of the external principal stratum of the entorhinal laminae presenting considerable amounts of NFT and neuropil threads.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00213	Braak_Stage IV	?	A disease propagation and progression model, composed of six stages of increasing pathological severity determined by the location of the tangle-bearing neurons and the amplitude of the pathophysiological changes.Limbic stages III-IV designate an incipient Alzheimer's disease, since due to the lack of neocortical destruction, stages III and IV do not meet the currently used criteria for neuropathologic diagnosis of AD. Stage IV is characterised by the destruction of the internal principal stratum of the entorhinal laminae presenting considerable amounts of NFT and neuropil threads. The destruction of entorhinal cellular layers interferes with the normal transfer of information between neocortex and hippocampus, manifesting as cognitive impairment and subtle personality changes.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00214	Braak_Stage V	?	A disease propagation and progression model, composed of six stages of increasing pathological severity determined by the location of the tangle-bearing neurons and the amplitude of the pathophysiological changes.neocortical stages V-VI correspond to fully developed Alzheimer's disease. These stages are characterized by large numbers of NFTs in all sections of cerebral cortex and present neocortical damage thus contributing to the development of the conventional neuropathological criteria for the clinical diagnosis of AD.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00215	Braak_Stage VI	?	A disease propagation and progression model, composed of six stages of increasing pathological severity determined by the location of the tangle-bearing neurons and the amplitude of the pathophysiological changes.neocortical stages V-VI correspond to fully developed Alzheimer's disease. These stages are characterized by large numbers of NFTs in all sections of cerebral cortex and present neocortical damage thus contributing to the development of the conventional neuropathological criteria for the clinical diagnosis of AD.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00216	CagA peptide	peptide	A peptide with sequence:GFPLKRHDGVDDLSKVG, originally synthesized by Helicobacter Pylori acting as a specific MARK kinase inhibitor, decreasing tau phosphorylation	0	0	0	0
CONSO00217	MARK4 isoform 2 (688 aa)	isoform	Shortest isoform of Microtubule affinity regulating kinase 4 (MARK4) derived from alternatvie splicing. It is upregulated during the early stages of neuron differentiation.	0	1	0	1
CONSO00218	NP_001387.2:p.Arg205del	protein variant	Loss of function mutant of DYRK1A isoform 1	0	0	0	0
CONSO00219	NP_001387.2:p.Glu239del	protein variant	Loss of function mutant of DYRK1A isoform 1	0	0	0	0
CONSO00220	PrP106-126	protein fragment	Prion protein fragment 106-126. This peptide increases membrane microviscosity, intracellular Ca2+ concentration and cell migration in circulating leucocytes, and oxygen production in monocytes and neutrophils. It also induces apoptotic cell death and impairment of L-type voltage-sensitive calcium channel activity in the GH3 cell lines. PrP (106–126) stimulates leucocyte migration in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibits tau phosphorylaton at Ser262. Seq = KTNMKHMAGAAAAGAVVGGLG	0	0	0	0
CONSO00221	Purkinje cell layer of cerebellar cortex	anatomy	The Purkinje cell layer lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer. Candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells. Purkinje neurons are inhibitory and provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter. Extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00222	Tau antibody, AGG5759	antibody	Tau antibody with specificity for pSer262	0	1	0	0
CONSO00223	Tau antibody, Tau-13	antibody	Tau murine monoclonal antibody with specificity for pSer262	0	1	0	0
CONSO00224	Tau epitope, 12E8	epitope	Tau epitope consisting of pSer262 and pSer356	0	0	0	0
CONSO00225	Tau epitope, AT180	epitope	Tau epitope consisting of pThr231	0	0	0	0
CONSO00226	Tau epitope, AT8	epitope	Tau epitope consisting of pSer202, pThr205, pSer208, pSer199	0	0	0	0
CONSO00227	Tau epitope, CP13	epitope	Tau epitope consisting of pSer202	0	0	0	0
CONSO00228	Tau epitope, PHF1	epitope	Tau epitope consisting of pSer396, pSer404	0	0	0	0
CONSO00229	dystrophic neurite	?	Dysfunctional axons and terminals that accumulate the β-site amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleaving enzyme (BACE1) required for Aβ generation.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00230	granular layer of cerebellar cortex	anatomy	The granular layer is the innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. This layer contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells. Some Golgi cells are found at the outer border. Granule neurons send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites. Mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons at cerebellar glomeruli in the granule cell layer	0	0	0	0
CONSO00231	molecular layer of cerebellar cortex	anatomy	The molecular layer is the outermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells	0	0	0	0
CONSO00232	Kalirin 7	isoform	Isoform of KALRN protein	0	1	0	0
CONSO00233	4R tauopathy	pathology	Tauopathies characterized by a relatively higher presence of the 4R tau isoforms, such as Alzheimers Disease and Corticobasal Degeneration	1	0	0	0
CONSO00234	ACY-1215	chemical	Ricolinostat is an orally bioavailable, specific inhibitor of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ricolinostat selectively targets and binds to HDAC6, thereby disrupting the Hsp90 protein chaperone system through hyperacetylation of Hsp90 and preventing the subsequent aggresomal protein degradation. This leads to an accumulation of unfolded and misfolded ubiquitinated proteins and may eventually induce cancer cell apoptosis, and inhibition of cancer cell growth. HDAC6, a class II HDAC deacetylase located in the cytoplasm, appears to play a key role in the formation and activation of the aggresomes needed for degradation of misfolded proteins. Compared to non-selective HDAC inhibitor, ACY-1215 is able to reduce the toxic effects on normal, healthy cells.	1	0	61	7
CONSO00235	APOE e3	genetic variant	Interacts with tubulin binding repeat 1	0	0	0	0
CONSO00236	BAY61-3606	chemical	A cell-permeable imidazopyrimidine compound that acts a potent, ATP-competitive, reversible, and highly selective inhibitor of Syk tyrosine kinase activity (IC50 = 10 nM) with no inhibitory effect against Btk, Fyn, Itk, Lyn, and Src even at concentrations as high as 4.7 µM. Shown to inhibit Syk-mediated cellular functions in vitro and exhibit good oral bioavailability and in vivo effacacy in the treatment of various allgery and asthma conditions in rat models. Indirect inhibitory effect on GSK3B activity	0	0	40	7
CONSO00237	Biphenyl-4-yl-acrylohydroxamoc acids	chemical class	Chemical compund group acting as inhibitors of HDAC family proteins.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00238	Brodmann (1909) area 36	anatomy	Ectorhinal area 36 is a subdivision of the cytoarchitecturally defined temporal region of cerebral cortex. With its medial boundary corresponding approximately to the rhinal sulcus it is located primarily in the fusiform gyrus. Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded laterally and caudally by the inferior temporal area 20, medially by the perirhinal area 35 and rostrally by the temporopolar area 38 (H) (Brodmann-1909). Together with Brodmann area 35, it comprises the perirhinal cortex.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00239	C-30-27	chemical	PCAF and NFkappaB inhibitor, showed anti-inflammatory properties and improved cognition	0	0	0	2
CONSO00240	C646	chemical	Inhibitor of EP300 acetylase	0	0	22	3
CONSO00241	CA1 field of hippocampus	anatomy	Part of hippocampus proper bounded by CA2 and the subiculum, characterized by pyramidal neurons that receive projections from pyramidal neurons of CA3 via the Schaffer collaterals.	0	0	0	1
CONSO00242	CA2 field of hippocampus	anatomy	Part of hippocampus proper bounded by areas CA3 and CA1, characterized by a narrow layer of large pyramidal cells, similar in size to CA3 pyramidal cells, but which lack the mossy fiber input from the dentate gyrus	0	0	0	1
CONSO00243	CA3 field of hippocampus	anatomy	Part of hippocampus proper bounded by the hilus of the dentate gyrus and area CA2, characterized by large pyramidal cells and a dense projection from dentate gyrus granule cell mossy fibers.	0	0	0	1
CONSO00244	CA4 field of hippocampus	anatomy	The last of four regions in the cornu ammonis of the hippocampus and is also part of the hilus of the dentate gyrus. This area contains mostly mossy cells that receive inputs from the dentate gyrus and pyramidal cells in the CA3 region and also projects back to the dentate gyrus.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00245	CGP3466B	chemical	Inhibitor of GAPDH nitrosylation, abrogated Abeta induced tau acetylation and subsequent pathological impairments related to AD	0	0	36	8
CONSO00246	CM-414	chemical	A dual inhibitor of PDE5 and HDACs, chronic treatment of Tg2576 mice, a well characterized AD mouse model, showed decreased Ab and Tau phsophorylation and inhibition of GSK3B activity.	0	0	31	4
CONSO00247	DAPK, basic loop (BL) motif	motif	A structural motif of DAPK (Death-Associated Protein Kinase) positively regulating the kinase activity.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00248	Histone H3	protein	One of the five main histone proteins of chromatin structure, acetylation at Lys 9 was positively linked with the transcriptional activation of various genes involved in neuro-regeneration following peripheral axonal injury, among which BDNF.	0	0	0	1
CONSO00249	ID-8	chemical	Inhibitor of GSK3Beta and DYRK1 kinases	0	0	0	0
CONSO00250	LDN-193594	chemical	A synthetic derviative of 2,4-diaminothiazole serving as an inhibitor of CDK5 kinase acitivty and of tau PHF1 epitope phosphorylation	0	1	10	4
CONSO00251	LDN-193665	chemical	A synthetic derviative of 2,4-diaminothiazole with a lesser powerful inhibitory effect on CDK5, but a potent inhibitor of Gsk3b	0	1	0	3
CONSO00252	LDN-213843	chemical	Small molecule of the diaminothiazole class, acting as inhibitor of CDK5 and GSK3Beta kinases	0	1	0	2
CONSO00253	Long-Term Depression	pathology	A gradual weakening of neuronal synaptic connections lasting hours or longer following a long patterned stimulus. Along with LTP (long term potentiation) is one of the main mechanisms of memory formation, more specifically of spatial memory. The mechanism involves an interplay of NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptors, with minimal intracellular calcium levels triggering a cellular cascade leading to the removal of the latter and an overall decrease of the glutammate receptors in the postsynaptic neurons, thus weakening the synapse.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00254	Pathological Tau Spreading	pathology	Pathological spreading pattern of tau into defined anatomycally interconnected brain regions during the progression of tauopathy.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00255	PrPSc	isoform	PrPSc (scrapie isoform of the prion protein) prions are the infectious agent behind diseases such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans, bovine spongiform encephalopathy in cattle, chronic wasting disease in cervids (deer, elk, moose, and reindeer), as well as goat and sheep scrapie. PrPSc is an alternatively folded variant of the cellular prion protein, PrPC, which is a regular, GPI-anchored protein that is present on the cell surface of neurons and other cell types.	0	1	0	2
CONSO00256	Tau Protein Secondary Structure, Turn	?	A turn-like structure formed in tau as a conseguence of the phosphorylation of only Ser202 and Thr205 residues, protects against aggregation.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00257	Tau antibody, RG7345	antibody	RG7345 is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the tau phosphoepitope pS422. Tau phosphorylated at this site is considered a pathological form that has been linked to the relocalization of tau away from microtubules and toward the somato-dendritic compartment of the neuron.	0	1	0	0
CONSO00258	RGFP966	chemical	Selective inhibitor of HDAC3	0	0	36	4
CONSO00259	SL-327	chemical	Inhibitor of MAP2K1/2 kinases activity in murine neuroblastoma cell line N2A	0	0	51	5
CONSO00260	Spinocerebellar Ataxia 11	pathology	Spinocerebellar ataxia type 11 (SCA11) is characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia and abnormal eye signs (jerky pursuit, horizontal and vertical nystagmus). Caused by mutations in the TTBK2 (Tau Tubulin Kinase 2) gene, is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00261	ST7612AA1	chemical	A thiol derivative, pan-HDAC inhibitor	0	0	8	4
CONSO00262	Tau antibody, AGG5759	antibody	Rabbit polyclonal antibody against tau pSer262, AstraZeneca	0	1	0	0
CONSO00263	Tau epitope, AD2	epitope	Tau epitope consisting of pThr396 and pSer404	0	1	0	0
CONSO00264	Tau epitope, AP422	epitope	Tau epitope consisting of pSer422	0	1	0	0
CONSO00265	Tau epitope, AT100	epitope	Tau epitope consisting of pSer214 and pThr212	0	1	0	0
CONSO00266	Tau epitope, AT270	epitope	Tau epitope consisting of pThr181	0	1	0	0
CONSO00267	Thiamet G	chemical	Inhibitor of O-GlcNAcase (OGA)	0	0	29	4
CONSO00268	Thioflavin S	chemical mixture	Dye binding to PHF used in AD diagnostics	0	0	0	0
CONSO00269	Trithiocarbonates	chemical class	Chemical compound group of susbtrate competitive selective HDAC6 inhibitors	0	0	0	0
CONSO00270	Tubacin	chemical	Inhibitor of HDAC6	0	0	0	5
CONSO00271	Tubastatin A	chemical	Inhibitor of HDAC6 shown to also decrease tau hyperphosphorylation and Ab load	0	0	0	4
CONSO00272	USP14 Aptamer	aptamer	Inhibitory oligopeptide of the USP14, a deubiquitinating enzyme.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00273	cholinergic neuron	anatomy	A neuron that uses acetylcholine as a vesicular neurotransmitter.	0	0	0	1
CONSO00274	cerebral cortex	anatomy	The thin layer of gray matter on the surface of the cerebral hemisphere that develops from the telencephalon. It consists of the neocortex (6 layered cortex or isocortex), the hippocampal formation and the olfactory cortex.	0	0	0	1
CONSO00275	crebinostat	chemical	Inhibitor of HDAC6	0	0	0	3
CONSO00276	diaminothiazole	chemical class	Compound class with kinase inhibition properties, specifically for CDK5 and GSK3Beta	1	0	0	0
CONSO00277	entorhinal cortex layer 2	anatomy	Layer of the entorhinal cortex lying superficial to layer 3 and deep to layer 1. It is characterized by medium-to large sized stellate cells that are grouped into prominent clusters, particularly in the rostral entorhinal cortex.	1	0	0	0
CONSO00278	granular layer of cerebellar cortex	anatomy	The granular layer is the innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. This layer contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells. Some Golgi cells are found at the outer border. Granule neurons send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites. Mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons at cerebellar glomeruli in the granule cell layer.	1	0	0	0
CONSO00279	indirubin	chemical	A powerful inhibitor of GSK3B	0	0	0	4
CONSO00280	isocarboxazide	chemical	Inhibitor of tau aggregation	0	1	110	6
CONSO00281	isopentanyladenine	chemical	Inhibitor of CKD5 activity	0	0	123	5
CONSO00282	maitotoxin	chemical	Increases intracellular calcium levels, and induces the association of TGM2 with tau, positively affecting the activity of the former	0	0	6	6
CONSO00283	olomoucine	chemical	Inhibitor of CKD5 activity	0	0	129	5
CONSO00284	oxazolidinedione	chemical	Inhibitor of tau aggregation	0	1	44	3
CONSO00285	sudoxicam	chemical	Inhibitor of tau aggregation	0	1	46	4
CONSO00286	thiohydantoin	chemical	Inhibitor of tau aggregation	0	1	0	4
CONSO00287	thioxooxazolidine	chemical	Inhibitor of tau aggregation	0	1	0	0
CONSO00288	tideglusib	chemical	Irreversibly inhibits GSK3B activity	0	0	48	3
CONSO00289	Tau antibody, 6C5	antibody	human monoclonal antibody that targets tau epitope 125-131	0	2	0	0
CONSO00290	Tau antibody, HT7	antibody	mouse monoclonal antibody that targets tau epitope 159-163	0	1	0	0
CONSO00291	6-O-sulfated heparin	?	During synthesis the HS chains are selectively sulfated at the N, 6-O, and 3-O positions of the glucosamine (GlcNS) and at the 2-O position of the uronic acid residue by HS sulfotransferases and modified by C5-epimerization of glucuronic acid (GlcA) to iduronic acid (IdoA)	0	0	0	0
CONSO00292	2-O-sulfated heparin	?	During synthesis the HS chains are selectively sulfated at the N, 6-O, and 3-O positions of the glucosamine (GlcNS) and at the 2-O position of the uronic acid residue by HS sulfotransferases and modified by C5-epimerization of glucuronic acid (GlcA) to iduronic acid (IdoA)	0	0	0	0
CONSO00293	sonicated tau fibrils	cellular component	To make sonicated fibril samples, fibrillized protein was sonicated using a MiSonix Sonicator 4000 (QSonica, LLC) at 50% amplitude for 60 1 s pulses	0	0	0	0
CONSO00294	Tau antibody, 40E8	antibody	human monoclonal antibody that targets tau epitope 195-212 (pS202 and pT205)	0	1	0	0
CONSO00295	Tau antibody, pS396	antibody	rabbit polyclonal antibody that targets tau pS396	0	1	0	0
CONSO00296	Tau antibody, 4E4	antibody	human monoclonal antibody that targets tau epitope 385-395	0	2	0	0
CONSO00297	Tau antibody, Tau46	antibody	mouse monoclonal antibody that targets tau epitope 404-441	0	2	0	0
CONSO00298	cis p-tau	protein	The cis conformation of phosphorylated tau is considered to be the main pathogenic tau agent associated with AD neurological impairments. PIN1, a peptidyl-prolyl-cis-transe isomerase, catalizes the rotation of the peptidic bond directly before proline residues inducing a conversion toward the trans conformation, therefore reducing the presence of the pathogenic cis tau isomers.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00299	MPT0G211	chemical	MPT0G211 is a novel potent, selective HDAC6 inhibitor with IC50 of 0.291 nM, displays >1,000-fold selectivity over other HDAC isoforms; significantly inhibits tau phosphorylation on Ser396, Ser404, and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) aggregation, significantly attenuates apoptosis induced by p-tau, inhibits HDAC6/Hsp90 binding and causes subsequent proteasomal degradation of polyubiquitinated proteins; ameliorates learning and memory impairment in animal models of Alzheimer's disease, reduces the amount of phosphorylated tau in the hippocampal CA1 region; also demonstrates antiproliferative activity against human multiple myeloma RPMI 8226, U266, and NCI-H929 cells with no effect on normal bone marrow cells.	0	0	0	3
CONSO00300	peripheral nervous system injury	pathology	PNS injuries initiate a signaling cascade that induces neuroregeneration. This cascade involves activation of ERK, subsequently leading to the activation of PCAF (KAT2B), which in turn mediates histone 3 acetylation, paving the way for transcriptional activation of the key genes in the regeneration program.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00301	Tau antibody, TNT1	antibody	Murine monoclonal IgG recognizing the phosphatase-activating domain (PAD) of tau	0	1	0	0
CONSO00302	Tau antibody, TNT2	antibody	Murine monoclonal IgG recognizing the phosphatase-activating domain (PAD) of tau	0	1	0	0
CONSO00303	8-nitro-cGMP	chemical	One of the major endogenus cGMP derivatives, a class of second messengers in the nitric oxide signalling pathway. It modifies the target protein's cysteine residues via a stable sulfide bond through the NO group of the guanine base, in a post translational modification also known as S-guanylation, a process involved in the regulation of the physiological roles of several important proteins. The S-guanylation of tau was shown to block the aggregation process and the subsequent formation of tau oligomers.	0	0	0	3
CONSO00304	Tau dimers	cellular component	A key intermediate product of tau oligomerization to PHF and NFT formation, they consist of covalently linked antiparallel tau monomers presenting disulfide cross links between cystein residues.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00305	polysumoylation	post-translational modification	A post-translational modification consisting on the addition and covalent bonding of multiple SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifiers) proteins to lysine residues of target proteins, mediating a wide range of physiological functions. Polysumoylation of APP was found to reduce the generation of amyloid beta peptides, while mono or under-sumoylation enhance Ab generation.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00306	detyrosination	post-translational modification	Detyrosination is a form of posttranslational modification that occurs on alpha-tubulin. It consists of the removal of the C-terminal tyrosine to expose a glutamate at the newly formed C-terminus.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00307	Tau antibody	antibody	Antibodies for the Tau protein (HGNC:MAPT)	16	0	0	0
CONSO00308	Tau epitope	epitope	Epitopes targed by antibodies for the Tau protein (HGNC:MAPT)	0	0	0	0
CONSO00309	S 24795	chemical	A partial agonist at α7 nAChR	0	0	12	4
CONSO00310	GTS-21	chemical	GTS-21 is a derivative of the natural product anabaseine that acts as a partial agonist at neural nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. It binds to both the α4β2 and α7 subtypes, but activates only the α7 to any significant extent.	1	0	50	5
CONSO00311	alpha-4 alpha-5 beta-2 nAChR	protein complex	nAChR subtype found in cortex, hippocampus and neostriatum	0	0	0	1
CONSO00312	alpha-3 beta-4 nAChR	protein complex	nAChR subtype found in hippocampus, pineal gland and cerebellum	0	0	0	1
CONSO00313	alpha-3 beta-3 beta-4 nAChR	protein complex	nAChR subtype found in habenula and interpeduncular nucleus	0	0	0	0
CONSO00314	alpha-6 beta-2 beta-3 nAChR	protein complex	nAChR subtype found in locus coeruleus, substantia nigra and neostriatum	0	0	0	0
CONSO00315	alpha-2 beta-2 nAChR	protein complex	nAChR subtype found in interpeduncular nucleus	0	0	0	0
CONSO00316	alpha-6 alpha-4 beta-2 beta-3 nAChR	protein complex	nAChR subtype found in neostriatum	0	0	0	0
CONSO00317	protein aggregation	biological process	Protein aggregation occurs in vivo as a result of improper folding or misfolding	0	0	0	0
CONSO00318	nAChR assembly	biological process	the process of assembling a receptor pentamer from the Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors subunits	0	0	0	0
CONSO00319	4-OH-GTS-21	chemical	A metabolic product of GTS-21 (HBP:CONSO00310) in which the methoxy at the 4-position has been cleaved to leave a hydroxyl	0	1	3	3
CONSO00320	isolation rearing	exposure	An animal model in which rats, immediately after weaning (usually postnatal day 21), are housed in isolation from siblings for an extended period (usually several weeks). In adulthood, these animals show many characteristics also seen in patients with schizophrenia	0	0	0	0
CONSO00321	Tau aggregation inhibitor	chemical role	A chemical that inhibits the aggregation of the Tau protein (HGNC:MAPT) as form paired helical fragments (PHFs), straight filaments (SFs), oligomers, and larger aggregates	8	1	0	1
CONSO00322	1,3-Thiazole-2,4-diamine	chemical	A thiazole with two amino substituents	0	0	27	3
CONSO00323	Autosomal Dominant Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy	pathology	Autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (ADNFLE) is a genetic form of epilepsy that is caused by mutations in several genes, including genes encoding for the α4 and β2 subunits of the nicotinic acetylcholine (nACh) receptor	0	0	0	2
CONSO00324	FK1 antibody	antibody	Anti-Ubiquitinylated proteins Antibod	0	0	0	0
CONSO00325	amyloid-beta antibody, NU1	antibody	monoclonal antibody that is specific for amyloid-beta oligomers	0	0	0	0
CONSO00326	B-973	chemical	Here we report the discovery and characterization of 3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-N-(1-(6-(4-(pyridin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyrazin-2-yl)ethyl)propanamide (B-973), a piperazine containing α7 type II PAM	0	0	0	2
CONSO00327	GPBC, alpha-7 nAChR	domain	An alignment of residues in the M3-M4 loop of alpha-7 nAChR that contribute to the binding of G-protein	0	0	0	0
CONSO00328	GPBC, Glycine Receptor 1	domain	An alignment of residues in the M3-M4 loop of GPBC, Glycine Receptor 1 (GLRA1) that contribute to the binding of G-protein	0	0	0	0
CONSO00329	N-terminal fragment of ATF6	protein fragment	N-terminal fragment of the protein ATF6, generated by cleavage through SP1 and SP2 proteases	0	0	0	0
CONSO00330	misfolded	post-translational modification	Proteins that are not able to achieve the native state, due either to an unwanted mutation in their amino acid sequence or simply because of an error in the folding process, are recognized as misfolded and subsequently targeted to a degradation pathway	0	0	0	0
CONSO00331	OSW-1	chemical	A novel cholestane glycoside called OSW-1 (3b, 16b, 17a-trihydroxycholest-5-en-22-one 16-O-(2-O-4-methoxybenzoyl-bD-xylopyranosyl) - (1?3) -(2-O-acetyl-a-L-arabinopyranoside)) was recently isolated from Ornithogalum saundersiae (Kubo et al., 1992) and has been found to have a potent growth inhibitory activity on a human tumour cell line	0	0	7	5
CONSO00332	EC102	chemical	low–molecular weight Hsp90 N-terminal domain inhibitor	0	0	0	0
CONSO00333	KU-177	chemical	inhibitor of Aha1	0	0	0	0
CONSO00334	UBB+1	protein variant	Ubb+1, a ubiquitin (Ub) mutant protein originating from misreading of the Ub B gene	0	0	0	0
CONSO00335	Phenylthiazolyl-hydrazide	chemical	inhibitor of tau aggregation and toxicity in vitro and in cells	0	0	0	0
CONSO00336	EEVD motif	motif	an acidic motif,EEVD, located at the extreme carboxyl terminus of nearly all Hsp7Os which has an essential role in regulating the biochemical properties of Hsp7O and interactions with HDJ-1	0	0	0	0
CONSO00337	Hsp27 oligomers	cellular component	Hsp27 exists as an ensemble of oligomers,which range in size from dimers to approximately 32 mers or greater	0	0	0	0
CONSO00338	SK and F 77434	chemical	a dopamine D1 receptor partial agonist	0	0	0	0
CONSO00339	[125I]-NCQ 298	chemical	a new selective iodinated salicylamide ligand for the labelling of dopamine D2 receptors with 125I.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00340	AAV-FKBP1B	protein	Adeno-associated virus expressing Mouse Fkbp1b.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00341	Proteostasis	biological process	Regulation of the concentration, folding, interactions, and cellular localization of each of the proteins that comprise the proteome	0	0	0	1
CONSO00342	N-terminal fragment of APP	domain	Fragment of APP (N-APP) that contains heparin-binding and metal-binding domains and that has been found to have biological activity	0	0	0	1
CONSO00343	polyQ aggregates	cellular component	Aggregates due to mutations of proteins that lead to polyQ expansions	0	0	0	0
CONSO00344	Q82 aggregates	cellular component	Aggregates of proteins consisting of polyglutamine stretches with 82 glutamine residues	0	0	0	0
CONSO00345	non-enzymatic protein modification	biological process	Post-translational protein modifications that were not caused by enzymatic reactions	0	0	0	0
CONSO00346	bb14	chemical	Tau aggregation inhibitor bb14 (from the rhodanine class of compounds)	0	0	0	0
CONSO00347	cmp16	chemical	Tau aggregation inhibitor	0	0	0	0
CONSO00348	misfolding	biological process	Proteins that are not able to achieve the native state, due either to an unwanted mutation in their amino acid sequence or simply because of an error in the folding process, are recognized as misfolded and subsequently targeted to a degradation pathway	0	0	0	0
CONSO00349	AG18051	chemical	ABAD inhibitor	0	0	0	2
CONSO00350	RM-532-46	chemical	ABAD inhibitor	0	0	0	2
CONSO00351	deamidation	post-translational modification	The removal of an amide group from a peptide's side chain	0	0	0	0
CONSO00352	Mini-Mental Status Exam	clinical measurement	A standardized and structured interview originally developed by Marshal Folstein, Susan Folstein and Paul McHugh (Journal of Psychiatric Research, 1975), which is used to evaluate an individual's cognitive function.	0	0	5	2
CONSO00353	GLAP	chemical	glyceraldehyde-derived pyridinium-type advanced glycation end product (AGE), formed by glyceraldehyde-related glycation	0	0	3	2
CONSO00354	Tau 6D	isoform	In addition to the 3′ splice site at the end of exon 6, there are two alternate 3′ splice sites within exon 6 itself, termed “6P” and “6D” according to location (Fig. 1). Use of either of these splice sites results in a frame shift that introduces a unique amino acid sequence, PCCVPRATFLS (6P) or FWSKGDETQGG (6D), followed by a stop codon. As a result, tau 6P and 6D isoforms are truncated, lacking part of the proline-rich region, the MTBR region, and C-terminus	0	1	0	0
CONSO00355	Tau 6P	isoform	In addition to the 3′ splice site at the end of exon 6, there are two alternate 3′ splice sites within exon 6 itself, termed “6P” and “6D” according to location (Fig. 1). Use of either of these splice sites results in a frame shift that introduces a unique amino acid sequence, PCCVPRATFLS (6P) or FWSKGDETQGG (6D), followed by a stop codon. As a result, tau 6P and 6D isoforms are truncated, lacking part of the proline-rich region, the MTBR region, and C-terminus	0	1	0	0
CONSO00356	Peripheral Tissue	anatomy	Parts of the body that act as a response to a change in the environment, the body's functions, molecule levels, etc.	0	0	0	0
CONSO00357	tau polyclonal antibody	antibody	Antibodies, that are able to bind different epitopes of the tau protein	0	0	0	0
CONSO00358	TDP-43 oligomers	cellular component	oligomers form during the early steps of TDP-43 misfolding	0	0	0	0
CONSO00359	TDP-43 aggregates	cellular component	TDP-43 aggregates are formed through a biphasic process that initiates with oligomerization followed by aggregation into high molecular weight polymers	0	0	0	0
CONSO00360	Clonal Expansion	pathology	Multiplication or reproduction by cell division of a population of identical cells descended from a single progenitor. In immunology, may refer to the clonal proliferation of cells responsive to a specific antigen as part of an immune response.	0	0	0	1
CONSO00361	CDR - Sum of Boxes	clinical measurement	Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) Sum of Boxes	0	0	0	2
CONSO00362	Tau antibody, MC1	antibody	mouse monoclonal antibody specific to tau epitopes within 312 to 322 amino acid	0	0	0	1
CONSO00363	DC8E8	antibody	recombinant mouse antibody specifc to MAPT	0	1	0	2
CONSO00364	DC11	antibody	monoclonal mouse antibody specifc to MAPT	0	0	0	0
CONSO00365	MN423	antibody	recombinant mouse antibody binding to PHF core of MAPT	0	1	0	2
CONSO00366	AADvac1	antibody	active vaccine eliciting an immune response against pathologically modified forms of tau protein	0	0	0	1
CONSO00367	RGFP136	chemical	HDAC3 inhibitor	0	1	2	3
CONSO00368	HDAC3 inhibitor	chemical role	Compounds that inhibit Histone Deactelylase 3(HDAC-3)	1	0	0	0
CONSO00369	chemofog	pathology	Long-term chemotherapy-induced cognitive decline in cancer survivors	0	0	4	0
CONSO00370	Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy	pathology	neuropathy caused by chemotherapy	0	0	2	0